Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine
Volume 6, Issue 1 , Pages 32-40 , March 2005

Pediatric Craniomaxillofacial Trauma

  • Bernard J. Costello, DMD, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
    • Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
    • University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests and correspondence: Dr Bernard J. Costello, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Suite 1112, 3471 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213.
    • ,
  • Harry Papadopoulos, DDS, MD

      Affiliations

    • Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
    • University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
    • University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
    • ,
  • Ramon Ruiz, DMD, MD

      Affiliations

    • University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
    • North Carolina Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill, NC

References 

  1. American College of Surgeons. Advanced Trauma Life Support Course. Chicago (IL): American College of Surgeons; 1997;
  2. American Heart Association. Pediatric Advanced Life Support Course. Dallas (TX): American Heart Association; 2002;
  3. Kaban LB. Diagnosis and treatment of fractures of the facial bones in children 1943-1993. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 1993;51:722–729
  4. Haug R, Foss J. Maxillofacial injuries in the pediatric patient. Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol. Endod. 2000;90:126–134
  5. Posnick JC, Wells M, Pron GE. Pediatric facial fractures. Evolving patterns of treatment. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 1993;51:836–844
  6. Koltai PJ, Rabkin D. Management of facial trauma in children. Pediatr. Clin. North Am. 1996;43:1253–1275
  7. Haug RH, Savage JD, Likavec MJ, Conforti PJ. A review of 100 closed head injuries associated with facial fractures. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 1992;50:218–222
  8. Davidoff G, Jakubowski M, Thomas D, Alpert M. The spectrum of closed-head injuries in facial trauma victims: incidence and impact. Ann. Emerg. Med. 1988;17:6–9
  9. Lewis VL, Manson PN, Morgan RF, et al. Facial injuries associated with cervical fractures: recognition, patterns and management. J. Trauma. 1985;25:90–93
  10. McCabe JB, Angelos MG. Injury to the head and face in patients with cervical spine injury. Am. J. Emerg. Med. 1984;2:333–335
  11. Merritt RM, Williams MF. Cervical spine injury complicating facial trauma: incidence and management. Am. J. Otolaryngol. 1997;18:235
  12. Koltai PJ, Amjad I, Meyer D, Feustel PJ. Orbital fractures in children. Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 1995;121:1375–1379
  13. Le Fort R. Experimental study of fractures of the upper jaw: parts I and II. Rev Chir Paris 1901;23:208-27, 360-79.

PII: S1522-8401(04)00088-6

doi: 10.1016/j.cpem.2004.12.002

Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine
Volume 6, Issue 1 , Pages 32-40 , March 2005

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