Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine
Volume 6, Issue 2 , Pages 116-122 , June 2005

Can the Laboratory Help Me? Toxicology Laboratory Testing in the Possibly Poisoned Pediatric Patient

  • Charles A. McKay Jr, MD, FACMT, FACEP, ABIM

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests and correspondence: Charles McKay MD, FACEP, ABIM Department of Emergency Medicine, Hartford Hospital, 80 Seymour St, Hartford, CT 06102-5037.

References 

  1. Watson WA, Litovitz TL, Klein-Schwartz W, et al. 2003 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers Toxic Exposure Surveillance System. Am J Emerg Med. 2004;22:335
  2. Quadrani DA, Spiller HA, Widder P. Five year retrospective evaluation of sulfonylurea ingestion in children. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 1996;34:267–270
  3. Hoffman RJ, Nelson L. Rational use of toxicology testing in children. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2001;13:183–188
  4. Duffens KR, Smilkstein MJ, Bessen HA, Rumack BH. Falsely elevated salicylate levels due to diflunisal overdose. J Emerg Med. 1987;5:499–503
  5. Mori L, Waldhuber S. Salicylate interference with the Roche Cobas Integra chloride electrode. Clin Chem. 1997;43:1249–1250
  6. Broughan TA, Soloway RD. Acetaminophen hepatotoxicity. Dig Dis Sci. 2000;45:1553–1558
  7. Fergusson DM, Woodward LJ. Mental health, educational, and social role outcomes of adolescents with depression. Arch Gen Psych. 2002;59:225–231
  8. Wu AHB, McKay C, Broussard LA, et al. National academy of clinical biochemistry laboratory medicine practice guidelines: recommendations for the use of laboratory tests to support poisoned patients who present to the emergency department. Clin Chem. 2003;49:357–379Also available at: http://www.clinchem.org/cgi/content/full/49/3/357?maxtoshow=&HITS=10&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&searchid=1046368808353_2491&stored_search=&FIRSTINDEX=0&volume=49&firstpage=357&journalcode=clinchem[Accessed 2/25/05]
  9. Heyman RB, et al. Testing for drugs of abuse in children. Pediatrics. 1996;98:305–307
  10. Lester BM, ElSohly M, Wright LL, et al. The maternal lifestyle study: drug use by meconium toxicology and maternal self-report. Pediatrics. 2001;107:309–317
  11. Vinner E, Vignau J, Thibault D, et al. Neonatal hair analysis contribution to establishing a gestational drug exposure profile and predicting a withdrawal syndrome. Ther Drug Monit. 2003;25:421–432
  12. ElSohly MA, Salamone SJ. Prevalence of drugs used in cases of alleged sexual assault. J Analytic Toxicol. 1999;23:141–146
  13. Wiley JF. Difficult diagnoses in toxicology. Poisons not detected by the comprehensive drug screen. Pediatr Clin North Am. 1991;38:725–737
  14. Hettler J. Munchausen syndrome by proxy. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2002;18:371–374
  15. Wu AH, Kelly T, McKay C, et al. Definitive identification of an exceptionally high methanol concentration in an intoxication of a surviving infant: methanol metabolism by first-order elimination kinetics. J. Forensic Sci. 1995;40:315–320
  16. Kyle PB, Spencer JL, Purser CM, et al. Suspected pediatric ingestions: effectiveness of immunoassay screens vs. gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy in the detection of drugs and chemicals. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 2003;41:919–925
  17. Koller K, Brown T, Spurgeon A, Levy L. Recent developments in low-level lead exposure and intellectual impairment in children. Env Health Persp. 2004;112:987–994
  18. Brent RL, Weitzman M. The current state of knowledge about the effects, risks, and science of children's environmental exposures. Pediatrics. 2004;113:1158–1166
  19. McKay CA, Holland MG, Nelson LS. A call to arms for medical toxicologists: the dose, not the detection, makes the poison. Int J Med Toxicol. 2003;6:1

PII: S1522-8401(05)00054-6

doi: 10.1016/j.cpem.2005.04.004

Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine
Volume 6, Issue 2 , Pages 116-122 , June 2005